Your Questions

Q: Dr. Eppley, I am a 28 year old Asian male interested in head width reduction. I have received a consultation in the past, where I was told the surgery I needed would be very dangerous and expensive potentially even lethal. Is your procedure different? I believe my face is otherwise fine except I have a very wide head above my ears. I have a smaller chin so my head appears unbalanced. Would I benefit from surgery? I noticed you also use Botox to good effect. Could I try the Botox first to see how it looks and then go with the surgery if the result is good? Looking forward to your advice.

A: The statements that you have been told about posterior temporal reduction (head width reductio  above the ears) are completely untrue. There were obviously made by surgeons who have no experience in this type of surgery nor understand the anatomy of the area. The majority of the width of the size of the head is made up of muscle not bone. The posterior temporal muscle width is as much as 9mm in thickness. When this is reduced through a very straightforward and effective procedure with no side effects and very minimal recovery, the change in the width at the side of the head can be dramatically different. If you do the math, up to almost a 2cm width reduction in head width can be achieved. This is particularly true in Asians males where the thickness of the temporal muscle is quite significant. There are no adverse functional effects on jaw opening by removing this portion of the muscle.

While you can certainly do Botox first, it will not create the same head width reduction effect as this type of surgery. But there is never any harm in doing so.

Dr. Barry Eppley
Indianapolis, Indiana

Q: Dr. Eppley, I am interested in getting head width reduction surgery, cheekbone reduction surgery as well as surgery to augment the back of my head. The first photo I attached is in regard to head width reduction and cheekbone reduction surgery. From the info on your website, I see you do removal of the muscle after the yellow line in my photo.  I am curious to know if you can do removal of muscle after the red line in my photo. Also, I will always have very short hair on the side, since it make my head looks smaller. How visible will the scar be after the width reduction with my short hair? 

I had a cheekbone reduction before but my surgeon didn’t reduce any more cheekbone after the first blue line in my photo due to concern of nerve damage. Since most of the width of my face is in between the two blue lines. The cheekbone reduction i had is largely ineffective in making my face more symmetrical and narrower. I was wondering if you are able to reduce the cheekbone between the two blue lines where my previous surgeon was concerned with nerve damage 

Lastly is in regard to the augmentation of back of my head, my current head shape is similar to the baby in the second pictures. I am curious in getting a custom implant to make my head look more normal.I consulted with a craniofacial he advised me against a custom implant because of high risk of infection. How high is the infection rate of these implants, and How much will total cost of this specific surgery be including getting a 3d CT scan, a custom implant made, and all the other fees including surgeon fee? 

A: When it comes to temporal muscle reduction, the actual line of reduction is from the top of the ear angling upwards to just behind the temporal hairline along the forehead, so it is in front of the red line that you have drawn. Most of the incision is behind the ear and it is done largely endoscopically above it.

The cheek bone a you are illustrating is the tail end of the zygomatic arch where it attaches to the temporal bone. If this part of the cheek bone is not fractured inward with the front part, little change in cheek bone width will result. An osteotomy is done in that area through a small incision at the junction of the beard skin and non-hairing skin. The temporal branch of the facial nerve runs in front of this incision so there is no risk of nerve injury. This is actually a standard approach to cheek bone reduction osteotomies as both the front and back ends needs to be cut and moved inward.

I have done many custom occipital skull implants as well as many other implants for other skull augmentation areas. I have yet to see an infection so the claim that they are prone to a high rate of infection has not been my experience.

Dr. Barry Eppley

Indianapolis, Indiana

Q: Dr. Eppley, I am quite determined to have temporal reduction surgery done (head width reduction), but there is still a couple of lingering question I need answered. I have attached several CT scans of my head to get a better visualization on the width of my muscle as well as my skull. I was born with positional plagiocephaly. This has caused my head to be misshaped and one side of my face is wider than the other side. Initially, I was thinking about getting the head width reduction for both side of my face, however, after a careful consideration I want to focus the head width reduction on just the right side of the face on the wider side.  If the result of the reduction is significant, I might consider a reduction on the other side of face as well as jaw and chin bone reduction on the wider side of the face. One of my main concern of the reduction is how much the width can be reduced. I recently took a CT scan of my head and I found that the size of the temporalis muscle at the widest area of my head isn’t very thick being about 6mm. Thus I felt through only muscle reduction there might not be as significance of reduction compare to when if both muscle and bone reduction is performed at some region of my head. Also I recalled last time we talked that you told me that you are not gonna remove a lot of muscle you simply reattach it and let it shrink. Since the temporalis muscle at some of widest regions of my head is only  6mm, I felt the shrinkage of muscle won’t likely achieve my desire width of reduction which is between 5mm to 7mm on the right side. Thus, I wanted to see if I can completely remove the temporalis muscle on that side above the ear.

A: It appears you have misinterpreted how I do the temporal reduction surgery. I initially detach and remove the posterior muscle in its entirety, then detach the rest from the temporal crest, shorten it and reattach it lower. So the entire posterior muscle is removed. That is critical to get a very visible width reduction from 5 to 7mms based on the thickness of the muscle present. Bone reduction is done based on what the CT scan shows although it is never as significant usually as the muscle reduction, but it is an additive component to the overall width reduction. Certainly only one side can be done if desired and, in cases of asymmetry, met be the best initial approach.

Dr. Barry Eppley

Indianapolis, Indiana

Q: Dr. Eppley, I am interested in skull reshaping to reduce the width of my head. I have a large head and I’m embarrassed about it. I have to buy larger hats than everybody else and it’s a hassle to wear sunglasses or prescription glasses because my head is so large that it squeezes and gives me a headache. I have to order special made ones if I want them to be comfortable. I understand that it’s not really a problem, but I’ve been self conscious about it for years and I want something done to stop constantly thinking about it. I would like a procedure that would make my head smaller in width. What could you do?

A: Skull reshaping can provide numerous skull shape changes and one of those is in the reduction of its width. In looking at your head shape, it easy to see your concerns with a fair amount of temporal convexity, bulging of the anterior temporal lines and a general side to side large cranial outline. While there are limits to how much the skull be reduced, there are some visible changes that can be achieved. The bulging on the sides of your head (temporal area above the ears) can be reduced by temporal muscle reduction/shortening and the anterior temporal lines (transition between the sides of the head and the top) can be reduced by about 5 to 7mms. These manuevers will never make your head width as small as you would like but they can make a visible difference.

Dr. Barry Eppley

Indianapolis, Indiana

Q:  Dr. Eppley, I would like to ask if it is possible to reduce the width of head? The width of the upper part of my head above the ears is big on both sides. Is there any possibility to reduce it? I am 30 years old and it has bothered me my whole life. Thank you for taking the time to answer.

A: The thickness of the side of the heads is influenced by both bone and soft tissues. The area directly above the ears is part of the temporal area and the thickness of the underlying temporalis muscle can have a major role in its thickness. The influence of this muscle decreases as one gets closer to the transition of the skull from a vertical to a rounder more horizontal orientation as it thins out. Depending upon where the bulge or too wide portion of the side of the head is located, some reduction is possible. I have performed successful reduction in this area by releasing and resecting the posterior portion of the temporalis muscle and some outer table skull burring. This can make for a 5 to 7mm reduction per side, which could be mean up to a 1.5cm reduction in head width. If the extreme width of the head extends more superiorly, then not as much reduction can be done and the procedure may not be worthwhile to undergo.

Dr. Barry Eppley

Indianapolis, Indiana